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Authors are the souls of any journal, and deserve much respect. To publish a journal manuscripts are needed from authors. Authors have a great responsibility for producing facts of their work in terms of number and results truthfully and an individual honesty is expected from authors in this regards. Both ways its true "No authors-No manuscripts-No journals" and "No journals–No manuscripts–No authors". Reviewing a manuscript is also a very responsible and important task of any peer-reviewed journal and to be taken seriously. It needs knowledge on the subject, sincerity, honesty and determination. Although the process of reviewing a manuscript is a time consuming task butit is expected to give one's best remarks within the time frame of the journal.
Salient features of the JCDR: It is a biomedical, multidisciplinary (including all medical and dental specialities), e-journal, with wide scope and extensive author support. At the same time, a free text of manuscript is available in HTML and PDF format. There is fast growing authorship and readership with JCDR as this can be judged by the number of articles published in it i e; in Feb 2007 of its first issue, it contained 5 articles only, and now in its recent volume published in April 2011, it contained 67 manuscripts. This e-journal is fulfilling the commitments and objectives sincerely, (as stated by Editor-in-chief in his preface to first edition) i e; to encourage physicians through the internet, especially from the developing countries who witness a spectrum of disease and acquire a wealth of knowledge to publish their experiences to benefit the medical community in patients care. I also feel that many of us have work of substance, newer ideas, adequate clinical materials but poor in medical writing and hesitation to submit the work and need help. JCDR provides authors help in this regards.
Timely publication of journal: Publication of manuscripts and bringing out the issue in time is one of the positive aspects of JCDR and is possible with strong support team in terms of peer reviewers, proof reading, language check, computer operators, etc. This is one of the great reasons for authors to submit their work with JCDR. Another best part of JCDR is "Online first Publications" facilities available for the authors. This facility not only provides the prompt publications of the manuscripts but at the same time also early availability of the manuscripts for the readers.
Indexation and online availability: Indexation transforms the journal in some sense from its local ownership to the worldwide professional community and to the public.JCDR is indexed with Embase & EMbiology, Google Scholar, Index Copernicus, Chemical Abstracts Service, Journal seek Database, Indian Science Abstracts, to name few of them. Manuscriptspublished in JCDR are available on major search engines ie; google, yahoo, msn.
In the era of fast growing newer technologies, and in computer and internet friendly environment the manuscripts preparation, submission, review, revision, etc and all can be done and checked with a click from all corer of the world, at any time. Of course there is always a scope for improvement in every field and none is perfect. To progress, one needs to identify the areas of one's weakness and to strengthen them.
It is well said that "happy beginning is half done" and it fits perfectly with JCDR. It has grown considerably and I feel it has already grown up from its infancy to adolescence, achieving the status of standard online e-journal form Indian continent since its inception in Feb 2007. This had been made possible due to the efforts and the hard work put in it. The way the JCDR is improving with every new volume, with good quality original manuscripts, makes it a quality journal for readers. I must thank and congratulate Dr Hemant Jain, Editor-in-Chief JCDR and his team for their sincere efforts, dedication, and determination for making JCDR a fast growing journal.
Every one of us: authors, reviewers, editors, and publisher are responsible for enhancing the stature of the journal. I wish for a great success for JCDR."
Thanking you
With sincere regards
Dr. Rajendra Kumar Ghritlaharey, M.S., M. Ch., FAIS
Associate Professor,
Department of Paediatric Surgery, Gandhi Medical College & Associated
Kamla Nehru & Hamidia Hospitals Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462 001 (India)
E-mail: drrajendrak1@rediffmail.com
On May 11,2011
Dr. Shankar P.R.
"On looking back through my Gmail archives after being requested by the journal to write a short editorial about my experiences of publishing with the Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research (JCDR), I came across an e-mail from Dr. Hemant Jain, Editor, in March 2007, which introduced the new electronic journal. The main features of the journal which were outlined in the e-mail were extensive author support, cash rewards, the peer review process, and other salient features of the journal.
Over a span of over four years, we (I and my colleagues) have published around 25 articles in the journal. In this editorial, I plan to briefly discuss my experiences of publishing with JCDR and the strengths of the journal and to finally address the areas for improvement.
My experiences of publishing with JCDR: Overall, my experiences of publishing withJCDR have been positive. The best point about the journal is that it responds to queries from the author. This may seem to be simple and not too much to ask for, but unfortunately, many journals in the subcontinent and from many developing countries do not respond or they respond with a long delay to the queries from the authors 1. The reasons could be many, including lack of optimal secretarial and other support. Another problem with many journals is the slowness of the review process. Editorial processing and peer review can take anywhere between a year to two years with some journals. Also, some journals do not keep the contributors informed about the progress of the review process. Due to the long review process, the articles can lose their relevance and topicality. A major benefit with JCDR is the timeliness and promptness of its response. In Dr Jain's e-mail which was sent to me in 2007, before the introduction of the Pre-publishing system, he had stated that he had received my submission and that he would get back to me within seven days and he did!
Most of the manuscripts are published within 3 to 4 months of their submission if they are found to be suitable after the review process. JCDR is published bimonthly and the accepted articles were usually published in the next issue. Recently, due to the increased volume of the submissions, the review process has become slower and it ?? Section can take from 4 to 6 months for the articles to be reviewed. The journal has an extensive author support system and it has recently introduced a paid expedited review process. The journal also mentions the average time for processing the manuscript under different submission systems - regular submission and expedited review.
Strengths of the journal: The journal has an online first facility in which the accepted manuscripts may be published on the website before being included in a regular issue of the journal. This cuts down the time between their acceptance and the publication. The journal is indexed in many databases, though not in PubMed. The editorial board should now take steps to index the journal in PubMed. The journal has a system of notifying readers through e-mail when a new issue is released. Also, the articles are available in both the HTML and the PDF formats. I especially like the new and colorful page format of the journal. Also, the access statistics of the articles are available. The prepublication and the manuscript tracking system are also helpful for the authors.
Areas for improvement: In certain cases, I felt that the peer review process of the manuscripts was not up to international standards and that it should be strengthened. Also, the number of manuscripts in an issue is high and it may be difficult for readers to go through all of them. The journal can consider tightening of the peer review process and increasing the quality standards for the acceptance of the manuscripts. I faced occasional problems with the online manuscript submission (Pre-publishing) system, which have to be addressed.
Overall, the publishing process with JCDR has been smooth, quick and relatively hassle free and I can recommend other authors to consider the journal as an outlet for their work."
Dr. P. Ravi Shankar
KIST Medical College, P.O. Box 14142, Kathmandu, Nepal.
E-mail: ravi.dr.shankar@gmail.com
On April 2011 Anuradha
Dear team JCDR, I would like to thank you for the very professional and polite service provided by everyone at JCDR. While i have been in the field of writing and editing for sometime, this has been my first attempt in publishing a scientific paper.Thank you for hand-holding me through the process.
Dr. Anuradha
E-mail: anuradha2nittur@gmail.com
On Jan 2020
Case report
Full Version
Novel In-built Design to Retain Detachable Cheek Plumpers in Complete Dentures: A Case Report
Correspondence Address :
Dr. Rachapudi Venkata Roshini,
Gnanagangothri Campus, New Bel Road, MSR Nagar, Bengaluru-560054, Karnataka, India.
E-mail: roshinirachapudi@gmail.com
Aesthetics are of prime importance to people irrespective of age. Aging and loss of teeth have a significant influence on external facial aesthetics, resulting in sunken cheeks and undesirable facial appearance. Cheek plumper is a prosthesis used to support sunken cheeks, thus enhancing the aesthetics of a person. Hereby, the authors present a case of a 65-year-old male patient, who reported with the complaint of missing upper and lower teeth. Intraoral examination revealed completely edentulous maxillary and mandibular arches. Extraoral examination revealed sunken cheeks. The patient was concerned about his appearance and wanted treatment for it. The treatment plan was to fabricate a complete denture with detachable cheek plumpers. This novel technique offers a simple and effective way to re-establish the lost facial aesthetics. The technique was simple, easy to fabricate and had good patient satisfaction, compared to the other techniques and methods. Follow-up after 24 hours, three months and six months was scheduled and the patient was satisfied with the prosthesis.
Irreversible hydrocolloid, Modelling wax, Sunken cheeks
A 65-year-old male patient with a history of broken dentures for the past month, reported to the Department of Prosthodontics, Crown and Bridge, for the fabrication of new complete denture prosthesis. The patient presented with no history of medical illness. The patient had been edentulous and was using complete dentures for five years, which fractured a month back. Along with the replacement of teeth, patient desired an improvement of facial appearance, as he presented with sunken cheeks. The proposed treatment was fabrication of complete dentures with detachable cheek plumpers. Informed consent was obtained from the patient and treatment was initiated.
Primary impression of the maxillary and mandibular edentulous arches had been made with irreversible hydrocolloid (Algitex, The Bombay Burmah Trading Corporation, India). Conventional methods of border moulding, secondary impression and jaw relation were followed. Prior to try-in procedure, rectangular templates of dimensions (2.5×1 cm) of 2 mm thickness were fabricated using autopolymerising resin (DPI-RR cold cure, Dental Products of India) (Table/Fig 1)a. These rectangular templates acted as a base, onto which modelling wax was added and shaped in the form of cheek plumpers. To facilitate the sliding in of these rectangular templates, two horizontal slots, corresponding to its length and one vertical slot corresponding to its height at the distal end were made with wax. The slots were positioned 2 mm above the cervical region of acrylic teeth, extending from mesial end of first molar to distal end of second molar on the buccal surface of the maxillary trial denture base. Mesial end of the slot was left open to facilitate the insertion and removal of the cheek plumper (Table/Fig 1)b.
The try-in of the denture was carried out in the conventional manner, following which, modelling wax was added onto the resin templates, and placed in the priorly made wax rectangular slots. The contours of the cheek plumpers were assessed based on aesthetic needs of the patient. Once the aesthetics was found satisfactory, the patient was asked to make functional movements like sucking, smiling and pursing of lips and assessed for the retention and stability of the denture during function (Table/Fig 1)c. The waxed-up cheek plumpers were finally finished and polished.
The waxed-up dentures and the cheek plumpers were acrylised in separate flasks. Care was taken during the flasking procedure, to accurately reproduce the prepared slots onto the type II Gypsum in the counter flask. The detachable cheek plumpers were invested in a horizontal manner. After dewaxing, heat cure acrylic monomer and polymer (Trevalon HI, Dentsply India Pvt. Ltd., India) were mixed, according to the manufacturers’ instructions. During the packing stage, additional care was taken to make sure adequate amount of resin was placed in the region of the slots. Following bench curing for two hours, the dentures and the cheek plumpers were processed at 74°C for two hours and increasing to 100°C for one hour. The dentures were retrieved, trimmed and polished. The cheek plumpers were retrieved, carefully trimmed and checked for the accuracy of fit into the respective slots. Once adequate fit was achieved, the plumpers were polished (Table/Fig 2)a,b,c. In the subsequent appointment, denture insertion was done, as per the required clinical protocol, following which, the cheek plumpers were attached and the final aesthetic outcome was evaluated (Table/Fig 3)a,b. Along with the postinsertion denture instructions, the patient was also trained regarding insertion, removal of the denture and cheek plumpers. Patient was educated to give special emphasis on the hygiene maintenance of the denture and the cheek plumpers.
Follow-up was scheduled after 24 hours, three months and six months and checked for denture and cheek plumper retention, occlusion, hygiene and comfort of the patient. At three months follow-up, patient was comfortable with the dentures along with the cheek plumpers, and had no complaints. On clinical examination, there were no signs of muscle fatigue observed. On the assessment of denture, plaque deposits were observed in the slot region of the denture. This was addressed by demonstrating and counselling the patient on good denture hygiene. Patient was comfortable and satisfied with the outcome.
“Beauty matters” it pervades society and affects how we perceive ourselves and others. The desire to look beautiful is not just limited to the young. When patient lose their teeth, they experience loss of chewing efficiency, speech as well as aesthetics. It is the 14responsibility of the prosthodontist to restore this loss to the best of his/her ability. Cheeks due to the visibility play an important role in facial aesthetics. In a dentulous patient, the form of cheeks is maintained by the underlying musculature, buccal pad of fat along with teeth and their supporting structures. With the loss of posterior teeth, the cheeks tend to collapse in varying degrees and move medially. Further, contour of the cheek is altered due to loss of anterior teeth and vertical dimension. As age advances, there is loss of subcutaneous fat and elasticity of the connective tissues, leading to sunken cheeks (1).
Although conventional complete denture provides soft tissue support in the perioral region, in case of patients exhibiting sunken cheeks, additional support in the form of cheek plumpers is required to restore the facial aesthetics (2). There is adequate literature available regarding advantage and mode of attachments for detachable cheek plumpers. The present case report throws light on yet another novel way of retaining the cheek plumper in the complete denture. Conventional cheek plumpers were incorporated by increasing the thickness of the distobuccal flange area of the maxillary denture, based on the patients’ aesthetic requirement (3). Their disadvantage is that they increase the weight of the denture, could interfere with masseter muscle and the coronoid process of the mandible and hence, destabilise the maxillary denture, especially during mastication (4),(5). Detachable cheek plumpers are made to reduce the weight of the final prosthesis and improve convenience to the patient. It enables the patient to use the prosthesis without the plumpers, if required (6),(7). It also aids in better maintenance of the prosthesis.
Literature cites various modes of attachment to retain the cheek plumpers. Rewari A et al., Venkatachalapathy SR et al., and Abdelbagi NF et al., reported the use of magnets in conventional complete dentures, single complete dentures and cases with facial disfigurement due to hemimaxillectomy (7),(8),(9). The use of magnet retained plumper prosthesis is effective of all the other methods, but they exhibit poor corrosion resistance and loss of magnetic property over a period of time, requiring frequent replacement. Magnets cannot be used in patients allergic to metal. The patients need to remove dentures for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) tests since the magnetic field used in MRI tests damages the magnetic assembly. The magnetic assembly should be kept away from high temperatures of more than 150°C (7).
Virdiya NM et al., Kuriakose EM and Swamy RK, and Aggarwal P et al., reported the use of stud attachments as an alternative to magnets [10-12]. Stud attachments provide good retention to cheek plumpers on complete dentures and provide longevity compared to magnets. The limitations of stud attachments are technique sensitivity and chances of breakage over time (11). Pudi S et al., used die pins and; Patil PP and Madhav VNV, Bharathi BM et al., and Rodrigues MT et al., used customised ball attachments (13),(14),(15),(16). Customised attachments are fabricated in case of space deficiency for the use of readily available attachments, and also for additional retention. The main disadvantage of using the other type of attachments is the presence of metal components, which either corrode or fracture on usage over time.
In the present case report, the fabrication of in-built detachable cheek plumpers in complete dentures has been described, which is economical, does not require any additional materials or equipment, has good aesthetic value, convenient to use for the patient and is non corrosive since, it does not possess any metal component, thus making it advantageous, compared to other techniques.
Limitation(s)
Limitations of the discussed technique include technique sensitivity, as minor errors during fabrication may lead to misfit of the plumpers. Further, training of the patient with regard to insertion, removal and hygiene maintenance of the plumpers is required.
Cheek plumpers are non invasive treatment modality for restoring the facial aesthetics of patient with sunken cheeks. This paper describes a simple and novel method to fabricate inbuilt detachable cheek plumpers to enhance the aesthetics in such patients. These cheek plumpers are simple to fabricate and are cost effective, without the need of additional metallic retentive aids. Along with enhancing the facial aesthetics, is simple and convenient to use for the patient and also added to the psychological comfort of the patient.
DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2023/62617.18086
Date of Submission: Jan 05, 2023
Date of Peer Review: Feb 10, 2023
Date of Acceptance: Mar 29, 2023
Date of Publishing: Jun 01, 2023
AUTHOR DECLARATION:
• Financial or Other Competing Interests: None
• Was informed consent obtained from the subjects involved in the study? Yes
• For any images presented appropriate consent has been obtained from the subjects. Yes
PLAGIARISM CHECKING METHODS:
• Plagiarism X-checker: Jan 12, 2023
• Manual Googling: Feb 16, 2023
• iThenticate Software: Mar 21, 2023 (7%)
ETYMOLOGY: Author Origin
EMENDATIONS: 6
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